托福聽力多選題應(yīng)對攻略
來源：環(huán)球教育
小編：長安 344大家熟知，托福聽力的題型都是選擇題，不過我們又可以把其化分為三個大類：單選題、多選題及表格題。多選題在近年的考試中出現(xiàn)的頻率逐年增加，部分篇章甚至?xí)霈F(xiàn)2道多選題。
多選題顧名思議答案不只有一個，多選題有兩種，第一種是四選二，第二種是五選三，90%情況出現(xiàn)的是四選二多選題。
這類題型是大部分同學(xué)非常頭疼的一種題型，很容易出現(xiàn)只選對一個選項的情況，而聽力文本中出現(xiàn)列舉的地方是最有可能出多選題的。那么在對話和講座過程中我們?nèi)绾稳グ盐諏?yīng)的考點，并做到積極預(yù)測這種題型，這就是作為考生的我們需要把握的關(guān)鍵！
多選題的考點可以通過以下兩種邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)去把握：第一、并列結(jié)構(gòu)；第二、離散結(jié)構(gòu)。并列結(jié)構(gòu)所占的比例達(dá)到了95%以上，而離解結(jié)構(gòu)一般不常出現(xiàn)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)最大的難點在于我們并不能從一句話或一個段落中的并列結(jié)構(gòu)去判斷，需要總結(jié)原文所涉及到的對應(yīng)內(nèi)容。
并列結(jié)構(gòu)的考點經(jīng)常會出現(xiàn)一些起到提示作用的信號詞，因此咱們在聽到這些信號詞時要做出迅速反應(yīng)，積極預(yù)測是否會出多選題。
第一類信號詞是一些并列詞，比如：and, also, another, other, plus, not only… but also等；
例題：TPO15 - C2
3. What does the student need to do before he can use any rare books? Click on 2 answers.
a. Purchase a card
b. Obtain permission
c. Put on gloves
d. Try interlibrary loan service
對應(yīng)原文：You need to get special permission to access them, and then you have to wear gloves to handle
解析：老師對學(xué)生說要使用rare books首先必須得到特殊的許可，咱們聽到了permission這個單詞，對應(yīng)的是B這個選項；and then表示并列的詞引導(dǎo)出第二個要求wear gloves，咱們又聽到了gloves這個單詞，對應(yīng)的是C這個選項。所以答案是BC。
第二類信號詞是一些數(shù)量詞，比如：the first, the second等；
例題：TPO 24 - L4
2. How were scientists able to learn new information about Venus' surface? Click on 2 answers.
A. More powerful telescopes allowed astronomers to see more surface details.
B. Satellites were used to get radar images of Venus's surfaces.
C. Space modules sent photographs after landing on Venus.
D. A space probe was able to locate gaps among Venus' clouds.
對應(yīng)原文：First of all, let me talk about how we have been able to get past those clouds. First, there were Soviet modules that landed directly on the surface and sent back some images of what was around them. Second, we did some radar imaging from satellites from above.
解析：教授說讓我們來探討如何穿過那些云層的，首先我們聽到了第一個信號詞first， 接著我們聽到了modules這個單詞，剛好對應(yīng)的C選項；接下來我們聽到了第二個信號詞second，接著我們聽到了radar imaging from satellites，radar這個單詞對應(yīng)的是B這個選項。所以答案是BC。
第三類信號詞是一些名詞：比如：factors, reasons, categories, elements, different kinds等；
例題：TPO7 - L4
4. What factors are involved in the amount of deformation a glacier undergoes? Click on 2 answers
A. The thickness of glacial ice
B. The hardness of glacial ice
C. The amount of water beneath the glacial ice
D. The temperature of the glacial ice
相應(yīng)原文：Now, there are a couple of factors that affect the amount of deformation that takes place or the speed of the glacier's movement for example. Deformation is more likely to occur the thicker the ice is, because of the gravity of the weight of the ice. And temperature also plays a part here, in that cold ice does not move as easily as ice that is close to the melting point.
解析：在這道題目當(dāng)中，教授先用a couple of factors這樣的總分結(jié)構(gòu)引入下面的分論點，然后說了2個影響冰川變形量的因素，以并列連接詞also連接，第一個是the thicker the ice is, 第二個是temperature,所以答案應(yīng)該是AD。
所以考生在聽的過程中首先要有考點的意識，其次要對信號詞足夠的敏感，能夠做到迅速識別考點，并且預(yù)測多選并列的可能性，這樣才能夯實基礎(chǔ)，在考試中把握主動。
