托福寫作高分經(jīng)驗：冠詞基本規(guī)律
來源：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)
小編：杜東飛 313托福寫作中，絕不是詞匯就可以一統(tǒng)天下的，語法問題也是高分必需要攻克的一道難關(guān)，想要寫出邏輯清晰，遣詞造句正確豐滿的高質(zhì)量托福作文，托福寫作詞匯中的語法不可忽視。我們就從冠詞開始吧。
一 基本規(guī)律 (Basic rules)
1. Indefinite article (不定冠詞)
我們用 "a , an " 當(dāng)我們不知道他是諸多人或事中的哪一個：
* is one of many. ( 是許多個中的一個)
He is an artist.(=there are many artists)
* is not unique. (不是唯一的)
I have just bought a book
* has not been mentioned before. (之前沒有提到過)
There was a new student in class today.
2. Definite article (定冠詞)
我們用 " the " 當(dāng)我們知道他是諸多人或事中的哪一個：
* is unique (or unique in that context) (是唯一的)
The Australian Prime Minister. (=there is only one)
I looked inside, the engine was in a terrible state. (=there is only one engine, in this case)
* has been mentioned before. (之前提到過)
The man gave me a ticket. I looked at it, and saw that the ticket was a single.
* is defined by the phrase which follows it. (要被接下來的短語詳細(xì)說明)
What is the new student's name?
3. No articles (無冠詞)
我們不用冠詞當(dāng)我們普遍地提及事物的時候：
* using plural or uncountable nouns (在使用復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時)
Do you like sport?
* with the names of people or places, but there are many exceptions (人名和地名的時候不用冠詞，但是地名有許多例外，下文一一介紹)
He is Professor Jones
4. Fixed phrases ( 固定短語)
有許多固定搭配需要用或者不用冠詞，我們應(yīng)該來單獨學(xué)習(xí)，他們包括：
a few at home at work at the beginning atthe end go to bed
go to the cinemas, shops, station in the world once a week
sixty kilometres an hour the next the other the other day
the same
二 經(jīng)常發(fā)生問題的區(qū)域 (Areas that often cause problems)
1. Jobs (工作)
如果有許多人做這個工作我們用 a 或 an.：
My husband is an architect. (=there are many architects)
但是如果一個工作特別對應(yīng)一個人，我們就要用“the”了：
He is having talks with the French foreign minister(外交部長). (=there is only one)
2. Superlative (最高級)
我們使用“the”在形容詞最高級前面：
She is the best person for the job.
3. Last and next
有一些形容詞如 “l(fā)ast” 和 “next ”同時可以用也可以不用定冠詞“the”但是句意會發(fā)生變化
I saw James last night. (=the one before this one)
It is the last night of our holiday. (=the fanal one)
I will see you next week.(=the one after this one)
4. Institutions: school, prison, university, church, home, hospital
和以上機構(gòu)連用時我們不用定冠詞“the”
My sister had to stay in hospital overnight.
然而，如果我們指的是這個建筑，我們就要用“the”
Our flat is opposite the hospital.
通過本文為大家展示了關(guān)于托福詞匯中各種冠詞的用法，希望對大家復(fù)習(xí)托福詞匯和語法有所幫助。
